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IP (International Protection) rating system is drafted by IEC (International ElectroTechnical Commission) to classify lighting fixtures based on their dustproof, foreign object ingress protection, waterproof, and moistureproof characteristics. The foreign objects referred to here include tools, human fingers, etc., which should not come into contact with the live parts inside the fixture to avoid electric shock. IP protection rating consists of two digits.
The first digit indicates the level of protection against dust and solid foreign objects;
The second digit indicates the degree of protection against moisture and water ingress. The larger the number, the higher the protection level. The protection levels represented by the two digits are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Protection degree indicated by the first characteristic number (digit) First digit: 0 No protection No special protection against external people or objects IP0- 1 Protection against solid objects larger than 50mm, preventing the human body (such as palm) from accidentally touching the internal parts of the fixture. Preventing larger sized (diameter greater than 50mm) foreign objects from entering IP1-2 Protection against solid objects larger than 12mm, preventing human fingers from touching the internal parts of the fixture. Preventing medium sized (diameter greater than 12mm, length greater than 80mm) foreign objects from entering IP2- 3 Protection against solid objects larger than 2.5mm, preventing tools, wires or similar small foreign objects with diameter or thickness greater than 2.5mm from entering and contacting the internal parts of the fixture IP3- 4 Protection against solid objects larger than 1.0mm, preventing tools, wires or similar small foreign objects with diameter or thickness greater than 1.0mm from entering and contacting the internal parts of the fixture IP4- 5 Dustproof, completely preventing foreign objects from entering. Although dust cannot be completely prevented from entering, the amount of dust entering will not affect the normal operation of the fixture IP5- 6 Dust tight, completely preventing foreign objects from entering and completely preventing dust from entering IP6- Protection degree indicated by the second characteristic number (digit) Second digit: 0 No protection No special protection against external people or objects IP-0 1 Protection against dripping water, vertically dripping water drops (such as condensed water) will not cause harmful effects on the fixture IP-1 2 Protection against dripping water when tilted at 15°, when the fixture is tilted from vertical to 15°, dripping water will not cause harmful effects on the fixture IP-2 3 Protection against spraying water, preventing rain or water sprayed from directions with an angle less than 60° from vertical from entering the fixture and causing damage IP-3 4 Protection against splashing water, preventing water splashing from all directions from entering the fixture and causing damage IP-4 5 Protection against water jets, preventing water sprayed from nozzles from all directions from entering the fixture and causing damage IP-56 Protection against large waves, for fixtures installed on decks, preventing damage caused by immersion due to large waves IP-6 7 Protection against immersion water, the fixture immersed in water for a certain time or under a certain water pressure standard can ensure no damage caused by water ingress IP-7 8 Protection against water ingress when submerged, the fixture can ensure no damage caused by water ingress when submerged indefinitely under specified water pressure conditions IP-8.